What is the relation between democracy and human rights? First, we must define these two notions. In theory, democracy is a political system where citizens are sovereign. For Abraham Lincoln, “democracy is the government of the people, by the people, for the people”. Human rights are something else, a concept, almost an ideology that says that human beings have universal rights.
There is a tendency to associate democracy and human rights but we can notice that there are many counterexamples. For instance, a tyrannical political regime like the Terror (during the French Revolution) pretended to respect the “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen”. And almost all the democratic countries, even France or the United States, don’t always respect human rights. This is why the European Commission for Human Rights sometimes condemns France.
Some people criticize the human rights ideology. They wonder whether human rights should really be the same for everybody, without any distinction of country, place or culture. Are human rights an imperialist ideology? For some people, human rights are the perfect illustration of the occidental civilization and of its cultural imperialism. For universalists, they are a big progress for mankind and must be defended in any situation, everywhere and at any time.
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